Ventricles Coronal Concepts

The Ventricles

Coronal View

Concepts

Ashley Davidoff MD

Introduction

Coronal View

The Frontal Horns

The frontal horns are seen in this coronal diagram of the brain

Frontal Horns

The frontal horns are seen in this coronal MRI using a STIR sequence.

They are easily recognized as a T shaped midline structure, divided in the middle by the gracile septum pellucidum. The frontal horns course through the frontal lobes and above the anterior portion of the temporal lobes.

At this level many of the components of the basal ganglia can be evaluated below and lateral to the frontal horns

The Third Ventricle

The third ventricle has been added to the coronal diagram of the brain.

3rd Ventricle

The third ventricle is demonstrated in this coronal MRI using a STIR sequence. It is easily recognized as a relatively narrow capital ” I ” shaped midline structure. It is connected to the lateral ventricles by the foramina of Munro (not obvious on these images). The temporal lobes are still apparent inferiorly at this plane. At this level some of the components of the basal ganglia can be evaluated below the lateral ventricles and lateral to the third ventricle

Aqueduct of Sylvius – Cerebral Aqueduct

The aqueduct of Sylvius has been added to the coronal diagram of the brain.

Aqueduct of Sylvius

The aqueduct ofd Sylvius is shown on this coronal MRI using a STIR sequence. It is not always easily nor consistently recognized because of its small size. It is shaped like a very narrow ” I ” and it is a midline structure. As it courses through the midbrain, it lies posterior to the 3rd ventricle. At this level the thalami are usually visible above and the posterior fossa structures including the cerebellum come into view below.

4th Ventricle

The 4th ventricle has been added to the coronal diagram of the brain.

4th Ventricle

The 4th ventricle is demonstrated in this coronal MRI using a STIR sequence. It is easily recognized and takes on a variety of shapes. In this instance it has the shape of a medieval hat or perhaps an elongated bell. It is a midline structure and is situated anterior to the cerebellum and posterior to the pons.

Temporal Horns

The temporal horns have been added to the coronal diagram of the brain.

Temporal Horns

The atria and temporal horns are demonstrated in this coronal MRI using a STIR sequence. The tmporal horns are easily recognized as an inveted ‘V shaped structure starting roughly in the midline and courses laterally and inferiorly. They start just anterior to the occipital lobes and end in the temporal lobes and these lobes can be recognized as neighbours of this part of the ventricular system.

Forebrain Midbrain and Hindbrain Components of the Ventriclar System

The distribution of the ventricular system is demonstrated in this diagram with the forebrain structures (green) including the lateral ventriclesfrontal horns, atria, temporal horns, and third ventricle. The midbrain positioned aqueduct of Sylvius is seen in orange, while the hindbrained positioned 4th ventricle is overlaid in orange

Overview of the MAjor Levels of the Ventricles in the Coronal Plain

The T2 weighted series reflects progressive imaging of the brain from the most anterior (top left) making progressively posterior cuts as we proceed from left to right in the first row and subsequently in each row till the most posterior cut in the bottom right image.

There are 5 basic levels of the ventricles that provide reference points that enable recognition of the ventricular part and will subsequently enable us to recognise the other structures that surround th ventricles. The most anterior cut is the ‘T” shaped frontal horns seen in the top row on the right. The green frame represents its position as being in the forebrain. The next cut is the also still in the forebrain and is the midline slit like shape of the 3rd ventricle.

The next level is the barely visible aqueduct of Sylvius in the midbrain (orange) that lies just above the pons.

The next level is also the forebrain (green frame and looks like an inverted “V” and represents the posteriorly positioned occipital horns and atria, connected to the more inferiorly placed temporal horns.

Lastly the fourth ventricle has almost the same shape as it has in the axial plane – almost an inverted heart. It is in the posterior fossa in the hindbrain.